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Louisiana

La. Ch. Code Art. 603(17)(c)Louisiana Children's Code — Mandatory Reporter Definitions

Clergy named as mandatory reporter?
Yes
Confessional exemption?
Yes
Statute
La. Ch. Code Art. 603(17)(c)
Clergy named
Expressly
Pending

Louisiana's Children's Code expressly lists clergy as mandatory reporters. Article 603(17)(c) names priests, rabbis, duly ordained clerical deacons or ministers, Christian Science practitioners, and similarly situated functionaries of religious organizations. On the surface, the coverage looks complete. The carve-out is not a separate exception added downstream. It is written into the definition itself. A member of the clergy is not required to report a confidential communication received in the course of religious discipline, provided the clergy member is authorized and accustomed to hearing such communications, and their tradition requires keeping them confidential. The only affirmative obligation in that setting is to encourage the person to report on their own under Article 610. In 2016, the Louisiana Supreme Court resolved a constitutional challenge to this structure by reading Article 603 narrowly. In Mayeux v. Charlet, the Court held that a Roman Catholic priest hearing sacramental confession does not meet the definition of mandatory reporter in the first place. Because the carve-out is built into the definition, the Article 609 privilege-override clause, which otherwise says reporting obligations apply notwithstanding any claim of privilege, never reaches the confessor. The priest is simply not in the category. The Louisiana Legislature has revisited the mandatory-reporter framework in both 2024 and 2025, amending Articles 603 and 610 to update other reporter categories and reporting procedures. Neither session touched the clergy provision. The carve-out in Article 603(17)(c) is not an oversight or an early draft left in by inertia. It has survived repeated legislative review. Louisiana illustrates the pattern UCO tracks in every state where the statute names clergy but preserves a route through which the reporting duty never actually attaches. The specific mechanism varies (a cross-reference, a definitional carve-out, a case holding), but the structural result is the same. No child's voice should go unheard because the law was written to ensure the conversation never officially happened.

Section 01What needs to change

What needs to change in Louisiana.

  • Clergy expressly named at Art. 603(17)(c) — with the carve-out written in

    Article 603(17)(c) of the Louisiana Children's Code defines 'member of the clergy' as any priest, rabbi, duly ordained clerical deacon or minister, Christian Science practitioner, or other similarly situated functionary of a religious organization. The definition then immediately carves out confidential communications as defined in Code of Evidence Article 511: a clergy member is not required to report such a communication when the communication was made in the course of religious discipline, the clergy member is authorized or accustomed to hearing it, and the tradition requires keeping it confidential. The only affirmative obligation in that setting is to encourage the person to report. The carve-out is a condition on the definition — not a downstream exception — so a confessor operating within it is not a mandatory reporter at all.

    View source ↗
  • Art. 609 privilege override does not reach the confessor

    Article 609(A)(1)(a) requires mandatory reporters to report suspected child abuse 'notwithstanding any claim of privileged communication.' This override sounds broad. But because Art. 603(17)(c) excludes clergy hearing qualifying confidential communications from the definition of mandatory reporter, the Art. 609 duty never attaches to the confessor in the first place. The override clause has no one to operate on. This is the structural mechanic the Louisiana Supreme Court confirmed in Mayeux v. Charlet (2016).

    View source ↗
  • Privilege anchor: Code of Evidence Art. 511

    Louisiana Code of Evidence Article 511 defines a 'clergyman' as a minister, priest, rabbi, Christian Science practitioner, or similar functionary of a religious organization. It creates a privilege allowing a person to refuse to disclose — and to prevent others from disclosing — a confidential communication made to a clergyman acting as spiritual adviser. This is the evidentiary statute incorporated by reference into the Art. 603(17)(c) reporting carve-out. Its definition of 'confidential communication' (a private communication not intended for further disclosure except to those present to further its purpose) sets the scope of the exemption.

    View source ↗
  • Recent amendments left the clergy carve-out intact (2024 Act 216; 2025 Act 195)

    The Louisiana Legislature amended Articles 603 and 610 in consecutive sessions without reopening the clergy provision. Act 216 of 2024 (eff. May 23, 2024) amended Art. 603(17)(d) and (e) and Art. 610(A) — updating child care providers, school resource officers, and reporting procedures — without altering 603(17)(c). Act 195 of 2025 further amended Art. 603(17)(e) and Art. 610 to address school resource officers, again leaving the clergy carve-out unchanged. The legislature has actively chosen not to reform the provision across multiple sessions since the Mayeux decision.

    View source ↗
  • Criminal penalties for failure to report under R.S. 14:403

    Louisiana Revised Statutes § 14:403 provides criminal penalties for a person who knowingly and willfully fails to report as required under Children's Code Article 609(A). The base penalty is a fine of up to five hundred dollars and up to six months' imprisonment. Where the underlying conduct involves sexual abuse, or abuse or neglect resulting in serious bodily injury, neurological impairment, or death, the penalty elevates to up to three thousand dollars and up to three years' imprisonment with or without hard labor. The statute separately provides that evidence in child-abuse proceedings may not be excluded on privilege grounds, with an explicit exception preserving attorney-client and clergy-communicant communications.

    View source ↗
Section 02What's needed

What it takes to close the gap.

Section 03How you can help

Concrete ways to support reform in Louisiana.

Donate

Donate.

Donations support UCO's work tracking the Louisiana definitional carve-out and pressing for reform in every state where the statute names clergy but lets the confessor walk past the duty.

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Section 04Timeline

How Louisiana got here.

  • 1991
    Louisiana Children's Code enacted with clergy as mandatory reporters

    The Louisiana Children's Code, including the mandatory-reporter framework at Articles 603 and 609, was enacted in 1991. Clergy were expressly listed as mandatory reporters in Art. 603(17)(c) along with the confidential-communications carve-out referencing the evidentiary privilege in Code of Evidence Art. 511.

    View source ↗
  • 2014
    Parents of Minor Child v. Charlet — first Mayeux trip up

    The Louisiana Supreme Court in an earlier round of the Mayeux litigation reversed a lower court ruling and reinstated factual questions about whether abuse disclosures occurred inside or outside sacramental confession, specifically whether information obtained outside the confessional would trigger a separate reporting duty. The ruling set up the constitutional challenge resolved two years later.

    View source ↗
  • 2016-10
    Mayeux v. Charlet — Supreme Court holds confessors are not mandatory reporters

    On October 28, 2016, the Louisiana Supreme Court vacated the district court's declaration of unconstitutionality and held on statutory grounds that a priest hearing sacramental confession is not a mandatory reporter under Art. 603(17)(c). The Art. 609 privilege-override clause never engages because the confessor never enters the mandatory-reporter category. This is the controlling appellate construction of the Louisiana carve-out.

    View source ↗
  • 2024-05
    Act 216 of 2024 amends Art. 603 and Art. 610 — clergy carve-out left intact

    Act 216 (HB 335; eff. May 23, 2024) amended the mandatory-reporter definitions in Art. 603(17)(d) and (e) and updated reporting procedures in Art. 610(A). The clergy provision in Art. 603(17)(c) was not altered.

    View source ↗
  • 2025
    Act 195 of 2025 again amends Art. 603 — clergy carve-out unchanged

    Act 195 (HB 451; eff. Aug. 1, 2025) amended Art. 603(17)(e) and Art. 610 to address school resource officers as mandatory reporters. The legislature again did not alter the clergy provision or the confidential-communication carve-out in Art. 603(17)(c).

    View source ↗
Section 05Key cases

Litigation shaping the law.

  • Mayeux v. Charlet

    203 So.3d 1030 (La. 2016)2016

    Louisiana Supreme Court, per curiam, decided October 28, 2016 (No. 2016-CA-1463). Suit arising from allegations that a Roman Catholic priest failed to report child sexual abuse disclosed during sacramental confession. The district court had declared Article 609 unconstitutional as applied to a priest hearing confession. The Supreme Court vacated that declaration as premature and resolved the issue on statutory grounds: because Article 603(17)(c) excludes from the definition of 'mandatory reporter' a clergy member receiving a confidential communication under religious discipline, a priest in the confessional is not a mandatory reporter to begin with. The Article 609 privilege-override clause never reaches him because the reporting duty never attaches. The decision is the controlling construction of the Louisiana clergy carve-out and confirms that its location in the definitional layer — rather than as a downstream exception — is the mechanism that shields the confessor.

    View source ↗
Section 06Background

Public-record sources UCO is tracking.

Always verify against the underlying statute or filing before quoting.

  • Louisiana State Legislature
    Louisiana Children's Code Art. 603 — Mandatory Reporter Definitions

    Official legislature text of Art. 603(17)(c), which expressly names clergy as mandatory reporters and writes the confidential-communications carve-out into the definition itself, incorporating Code of Evidence Art. 511. The controlling statutory text for both the expressly-named statusBucket and the preserved privilegePosture. Reflects amendments through Acts 2024 No. 216 and Acts 2025 Nos. 195, 261, and 409.

    View source ↗
  • Louisiana State Legislature
    Louisiana Children's Code Art. 609 — Mandatory and Permitted Reporting

    Art. 609(A)(1)(a) imposes the reporting duty on mandatory reporters 'notwithstanding any claim of privileged communication.' This is the operative duty provision — and the one whose privilege-override language does not reach the confessor because the Art. 603(17)(c) carve-out removes confessors from the mandatory-reporter category before the duty attaches.

    View source ↗
  • Louisiana State Legislature
    Louisiana Code of Evidence Art. 511 — Communications to Clergymen

    Establishes the clergy-penitent evidentiary privilege incorporated by reference into the Art. 603(17)(c) carve-out. Defines 'clergyman,' defines 'confidential communication,' and grants the communicant a privilege to prevent disclosure of spiritual-adviser communications. The scope of this privilege determines the scope of the Art. 603(17)(c) reporting exemption.

    View source ↗
  • Justia US Law· October 28, 2016
    Mayeux v. Charlet, 203 So.3d 1030 (La. 2016)

    Louisiana Supreme Court per curiam opinion (No. 2016-CA-1463) holding that priests-as-confessors are not mandatory reporters under Children's Code Art. 603 and therefore have no Art. 609 duty to report abuse disclosed in sacramental confession. The decision resolves the constitutional challenge on statutory-interpretation grounds and is the controlling appellate construction of the Louisiana clergy carve-out.

    View source ↗
  • Louisiana Department of Children and Family Services
    Louisiana Department of Children and Family Services — Mandated Reporters

    DCFS executive-agency summary of the mandatory-reporter list, paraphrasing Art. 603(17)(c) and confirming the expressly-named status and privilege carve-out from an independent executive-branch primary source. Also identifies the 855-4LA-KIDS hotline and the Mandated Reporter Portal as the operative reporting channels.

    View source ↗
  • Child Welfare Information Gateway, U.S. HHS Children's Bureau· May 2023
    Clergy as Mandatory Reporters of Child Abuse and Neglect — Louisiana

    Federal state-statute summary confirming that Louisiana expressly names clergy under Art. 603(17)(c) and that a clergy member is not required to report a qualifying confidential communication, with an obligation to encourage the person to report under Art. 610. Authoritative secondary cross-reference for both the statusBucket and privilegePosture classifications.

    View source ↗
  • Louisiana State Legislature· 2024-05-23
    Enrolled Act No. 216, 2024 Regular Session (HB 335)

    Official enrolled session law confirming Act 216 of 2024 originated as House Bill No. 335 and amends and reenacts Children's Code Articles 603(17)(d) and (e) and 610(A). Effective May 23, 2024.

    View source ↗
  • Louisiana State Legislature· 2025-08-01
    Enrolled Act No. 195, 2025 Regular Session (HB 451)

    Official enrolled session law confirming Act 195 of 2025 originated as House Bill No. 451 and amends and reenacts Children's Code Articles 603(17)(d) and (e) and 610(A)(3) and (4). Effective August 1, 2025.

    View source ↗
Last reviewed May 29, 2026 · by Unheard Child Org research teamHow we track this

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